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VNC 사용하여 설치하기

The graphical installation interface is the recommended method of installing Fedora. However, in some cases, accessing the graphical interface directly is difficult or impossible. Some systems lack the capability to connect a display and a keyboard, making VNC a necessity for manual (non-Kickstart) installations.

To allow manual installations on headless systems (systems without a directly connected display, keyboard and mouse), the Anaconda installation program includes a Virtual Network Computing (VNC) mode which allows the graphical mode of the installation program to run locally, but display on another system connected to the network. The VNC installation provides you with the full range of installation options.

This chapter provides instructions on activating VNC mode on the installation system and connecting to it using a VNC viewer.

VNC 표시기 설치하기

Performing a VNC installation requires a VNC viewer running on your workstation or another terminal computer. VNC viewers are available in the repositories of most Linux distributions; free VNC viewers are also available for other operating systems such as Windows. On Linux systems, use your package manager to search for a viewer for your distribution.

다음 VNC 표시기는 {PRODUCT)에서 사용 할 수 있습니다:

  • TigerVNC - A basic viewer independent of your desktop environment. Installed as the tigervnc package.

  • Vinagre - A viewer for the GNOME desktop environment. Installed as the vinagre package.

  • KRDC - A viewer integrated with the KDE desktop environment. Installed as the kdenetwork-krdc package.

To install any of the viewers listed above, execute the following command as root:

# dnf install package

사용하려는 표시기의 꾸러미 이름을 갖는 꾸러미로 교체합니다 (예를 들면, tigervnc).

Procedures in this chapter assume you are using TigerVNC as your VNC viewer. Specific instructions for other viewers may differ, but the general principles still apply.

VNC 설치 수행하기

The Anaconda installation program offers two modes for VNC installation: Direct mode and Connect mode. The modes differ in the way the connection between the server and viewer is established. After you successfully connect, the installation will progress the same way regardless of the mode you used.

직접 방법

In this mode, Anaconda is configured to start the installation and wait for an incoming connection from VNC viewer before proceeding. While waiting for an incoming connection, the system’s IP address and the port on which the installer expects the connection is displayed on the display or console if available; this implies that you need at least a serial console to connect using this mode, but you can work around this limitation if you know the default VNC port and the system’s IP address.

연결 방법

In this mode, the VNC viewer is started on the remote system in listening mode. The VNC viewer waits for an incoming connection on a specified port. Then, Anaconda is started and the host name/IP address and port number of the viewer are provided using a boot option or a Kickstart command. When the installation begins, the installation program establishes a connection with the listening VNC viewer using the specified host name/IP address and port number. Connect mode is therefore easier to use on systems with no local display or console, but it also may require additional preparation, because the viewer system must be able to accept incoming connections on the specified port, which usually requires changing firewall settings.

VNC 설치 방법 선택하기

  • 시스템에 시각적이고 대화형인 접근

    • 만약 설치 중인 시스템에 시각적이고 대화형 접근을 사용 할 수 없는 경우에는 연결 방법을 사용해야 합니다.

  • 네트워크 연결 규칙과 방화벽

    • If the system being installed is not allowed inbound connections by a firewall, then you must use Connect Mode or disable the firewall. Disabling a firewall may have security implications.

    • If the remote system running the VNC viewer is not allowed incoming connections by a firewall, then you must use Direct Mode, or disable the firewall. Disabling a firewall may have security implications.

VNC 직접 방법으로 설치

VNC Direct Mode is when the VNC viewer initiates a connection to the system being installed. Anaconda will tell you when to initiate this connection.

직접 방법으로 VNC 시작하기

  1. Open the VNC viewer (for example, TigerVNC) on the workstation you will be using to connect to the system being installed. A window similar to TigerVNC Connection Details will be displayed with an input field allowing you to specify an IP address.

    시작 후에 TigerVNC
    Figure 1. TigerVNC 연결 상세화

  2. Boot the installation system and wait for the boot menu to appear. In the menu, edit boot options (see The Boot Menu) and append the inst.vnc option to the end of the command line.

    Optionally, if you want to restrict VNC access to the installation system, add the inst.vncpassword=PASSWORD boot option as well. Replace PASSWORD with the password you want to use for the installation. The VNC password must be between 6 and 8 characters long.

    Use a temporary password for the inst.vncpassword= option. It should not be a real or root password you use on any system.
    VNC 활성화를 위한 부팅 선택 편집
    Figure 2. VNC 부트 선택 추가하기

  3. Start the installation using the edited options. The system will initialize the installation program and start the necessary services. When the system is ready, you will see a message on the screen similar to the following:

    13:14:47 설치를 시작 할 때에 VNC 표시기를 192.168.100.131:5901에 수동으로 연결하세요.

    IP 주소와 포트 번호 기록(위의 예에서 , 192.168.100.131:5901).

  4. On the system running the VNC Viewer, enter the IP address and port number obtained in the previous step into the Connection Details dialog in the same format as it was displayed on the screen by the installer. Then, click Connect. The VNC viewer will now connect to the installation system. If you set up a VNC password, enter it when prompted and press OK.

When the connection is successfully established, a new window will open on the system running the VNC viewer, displaying the installation menu. This window will provide full remote access to the installer until the installation finishes and the system reboots for the first time.

그런 다음에 아나콘다를 사용하여 설치하기와 진행 할 수 있습니다.

VNC 연결 방법으로 설치

VNC connect mode is when the system being installed initiates a connection to the VNC viewer running on a remote system. Before you start, make sure the remote system is configured to accept incoming connection on the port you want to use for VNC. The exact way to make sure the connection will not be blocked depends on your network and on your workstation’s configuration. Information about configuring the firewall in Fedora is available in the Fedora Security Guide, available at https://docs.fedoraproject.org/.

연결 방법에서 VNC 시작하기

  1. 대기 방식에서 클라이언트 시스템에 VNC 표시기를 시작합니다. 예로, [application]*TigerVNC*를 사용하는 Fedora에서, 다음 명령을 실행하세요:

    $ vncviewer -listen 포트

    _포트_를 연결에 사용하고자 하는 포트 번호로 교체하세요.

    터미널은 다음 예제와 같이 유사한 메시지를 표시 할 것입니다:

    Example 1. TigerVNC 표시기 대기하기
    TigerVNC Viewer 64-bit v1.3.0 (20130924)
Built on Sep 24 2013 at 16:32:56
Copyright (C) 1999-2011 TigerVNC Team and many others (see README.txt)
TigerVNC에 대한 정보를 위해 http://www.tigervnc.org를 참고하세요.

2014년 2월 20일 목요일 15시23분54
주:        포트 5901에서 대기 중

    When this message is displayed, the VNC viewer is ready and waiting for an incoming connection from the installation system.

  2. Boot the installation system and wait for the boot menu to appear. In the menu, edit boot options (see The Boot Menu) and append the following options to the end of the command line:

    inst.vnc inst.vncconnect=호스트:포트

    Replace HOST with the IP address of the system running the listening VNC viewer, and PORT with the port number that the VNC viewer is listening on.

  3. Start the installation. The system will initialize the installation program and start the necessary services. Once the initialization is finished, Anaconda will attempt to connect to the IP address and port you provided in the previous step.

    When the connection is successfully established, a new window will open on the system running the VNC viewer, displaying the installation menu. This window will provide full remote access to the installer until the installation finishes and the system reboots for the first time.

그런 다음에 아나콘다를 사용하여 설치하기와 진행 할 수 있습니다.

킥스타트 고려사항

Commands for using a VNC installation are also available in Kickstart installations. Using just the vnc command will set up an installation using Direct Mode. Options are available to set up an installation using Connect Mode. For more information about the vnc command and options used in Kickstart files, see Kickstart Syntax Reference.

모니터 없는 시스템을 위한 고려사항

When installing headless systems, the only choices are an automated Kickstart installation or an interactive VNC installation using connect mode. For more information about automated Kickstart installation, see Kickstart Syntax Reference. The general process for an interactive VNC installation is described below.

  1. Set up a PXE server that will be used to start the installation. Information about installing and performing basic configurating of a PXE server can be found in Setting Up an Installation Server.

  2. Configure the PXE server to use the boot options for a connect mode VNC installation. For information on these boot options, see Installing in VNC Connect Mode.

  3. Follow the procedure for a VNC Installation using connect mode as described in the Starting VNC in Connect Mode. However, when directed to boot the system, boot it from the PXE server.

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